Fire clay is a range of refractory clays used in the manufacture of ceramics, especially fire brick, PropertiesHigh-grade fire clays can withstand temperatures of 1,775 °C (3,227 °F), but to be referred to as a 'fire clay' the material must withstand a minimum temperature of 1,515 °C (2,759 °F). Fire Clay Mortar are manufactured in different grades such as Heat Mortar - is-6 to Heat Mortar - 85 used for high temperature for laying Fire bricks from Is-6 to High Alumina fire bricks up to 85% alumina. These Thermal setting type mortars and chemical setting type single and two component system cements are processed from special grade plastic fire clays, refractory aggregates and aluminous cement of exceptional chemical purity under stringent quality control. These cements are used in wide range of applications for laying, bonding and jointing masonry Tiles/Bricks/Shapes in construction of furnaces and other refractory construction and lining work and applied with water or silicate solution Fire clays range from flint clays to plastic fire clays, but there are semi-flint and semi-plastic fire clays as well. Fire clays consist of natural argillaceous materials, mostly Kaolinite group clays, along with fine-grained micas and quartz, and may also contain organic matter and sulphur compounds. Fire clay is resistant to high temperatures, having fusion points higher than 1,600 °C (2,910 °F); therefore it is suitable for lining furnaces, as fire brick, and for manufacture of utensils used in the metalworking industries, such as crucibles, saggars, retorts and glassware. Because of its stability during firing in the kiln, it can be used to make complex items of pottery such as pipes and sanitary ware.