General Requests Since mulberry is not very selective in terms of climate and soil conditions, it can be easily grown in almost every province of our country. Climate Requests Mulberry trees can be grown easily in many parts of Turkey where fruit trees are grown. Mulberry is the plant of hot temperate and abundant sunny areas. The mulberry plant develops well in different ecological conditions varying from temperate climate to subtropic climate. The optimum temperature request is 24-28 ° C. As with many other plants, the air temperature regularly maintains its development between 5–6 ° C. Annual rainfall request is around 600- 2500 mm. It shows limited development in places with low rainfall. However, excessive irrigation reduces protein and carbohydrate content in the leaves. The amount of water required by the mulberry trees varies according to the soil structure of the garden where the trees are located. It requires irrigation in fertile soil at 10 days intervals and 15 days of clay soils. A atmospheric moisture content of around 65–80 %is ideal for the growth of the mulberry. Sunlight is an important factor for development and leaf quality. In tropical areas, mulberry grows with 9–13 hours of light in one day. Mulberry can be grown up to 1400 m above sea level. Extreme is damaged by late frosts. One -year shoots and eyes can withstand -20 ° C. In our country, mulberry can be grown almost everywhere from the Mediterranean Region to the Eastern Anatolia Region. Especially in Kahramanmaras, Adiyaman, Elazig, Erzincan, Malatya and Tokat provinces, economic cultivation is common. Soil requests The mulberry tree grows in the best tinnous, sandy-flopped or clayey-flopped soils. The pH of the soil should be 6.5–7. Especially where the mulberry tree is planted, the base water should not be close to the soil surface. Shallow soils are not recommended. Although it develops well in deep soils, it is suitable for growing on calcareous, dry, dry and sandy soils. It can grow in salty-alkali soils containing salt below 0.2 %. In other words, it is sensitive to salinity. Garden facility The orchard facility is a long -term investment. Particularly considering that black mulberry trees grow slowly and remain in yield for many years, the garden should be carefully selected. There are no commercial gardens in Turkey. However, in line with the increasing demand for the black mulberry, closure is an investment that can be very attractive returns. After planting, it usually takes 7–10 years for a black mulberry garden to move into commercial production. Economic production continues for many years in the black mulberry. 150–200 elderly trees with youth pruning can be found frequently. Careful planning results in high efficiency, high earnings and a long garden life. Climate conditions and microclimate effects should be taken into consideration when selecting the garden place. The garden place should not be too cold in the last days of winter or in early spring. Because flowers or young fruits can be damaged by frost. The resistance of mulberry trees to late frosts can be said to be less than peach, cherry and walnut than apples and cherries. However, in winter, the garden place should be able to fully supply the cold needs required for keeping and growing normal fruit and growing. In general, the need for cold clocks required in winter can be measured and indicated by the sum of cold watches under 7 ° C. Considering that mulberry fruit yield is smooth from the Mediterranean to Eastern Anatolia, it can be said that the need for coldness is relatively low. The wind rarely poses a risk in black mulberry gardens. However, in some regions there may be rare branch breaks caused by wind. In some regions, especially white mulberries can be evaluated to see the task of breaking wind between gardens. It is full of flowers, leaves and fruits according to the season it rains. It can break the flowers and leaves from the tree, and worse, it can shake them after holding fruit. Sapling planting, regardless of which system is determined, is usually done on dates before the leaves of leaves in autumn or before the trees wake up in the spring. Sapling planting is suitable in autumn in soft places and in the spring in the spring. As a sewing distance, 20 trees of 7 m x 7 m is recommended. During the dismantling, the crushed, injured and broken roots should be pruned from the solid point. After the root pruning of the seedlings to be planted, it is important measures that can be taken against the medicated water environment (400 grams of captan+100 g of Benomyl or Carbendazim) and the planting of the seedlings with 2 %burgundy slurry are important measures. It is recommended to open seedlings planting pits a certain time before planting. It is recommended that the pits to be opened according to the general rules of the known general rules are at a depth of 30 - 40 cm and 40 cm in diameter, and the vaccine point during planting should be paid to the soil surface 2 - 3 fingers. Before planting, a few shovel burnt farm manure or 100 g triplesuper phosphate with 100 g ammonium sulfate should be added to the soil before planting. Irrigation Although the mulberry plant is resistant to many other types of fruit against drought, it needs irrigation in dry seasons. If the roots are very dehydrated, the fruit is poured before mature. In addition, excess water in the soil should be drained. The root ends are damaged in water saturated soils and causes growth to stop. In addition, mushroom diseases begin to be seen in these regions. Mulberry trees develop well as long as the soil is moist and the product yield increases. In the summer, irrigation of trees should be made to protect the soil moisture that is good for the tree in hot and dry periods. In this way, the product yield of mulberry trees can be increased by 50 %. However, the quality of the water to be given to the trees should be good and not overdo. Spraying Trees of this species, which do not have much disease, should be careful against root and root throat diseases, especially in heavy and wet soils. In mulberry trees, more shells and bakery lice damage. When the density of such pests increases, the struggle for harvesting or winter should be performed. In some years, the damage of network wolves and so on. Pests may be needed to make medicated struggle as stated in technical instructions. Fertilization Mulberry trees usually do not need excessive fertilization compared to other types of fruit. Nevertheless, composite fertilizers with nitrogen, phosphate and potasy chemicals should be given in order to develop well -developed and increase product efficiency. For fertilization, fertilizer values to be given according to the leaf and soil analysis to be made in our garden are determined. Fertilizers can be given in three times in spring, summer and autumn. In the gardens without irrigation; Phosphoria and potas fertilizers are given in autumn and nitrogenous fertilizers are given in spring. Pruning and support system When the mulberry seedlings planted in our garden begin to develop, the shape pruning is started to pruning the product and the product pruning is started. Since pruning is correct in terms of the development and product of trees, it is of great importance to be performed by people who know the mulberry trees well. In particular, white and red mulberry varieties give longer exiles and grow faster, and black mulberry types can be given slow, healthy and large trees by giving short, healthy and large trees should be tried to be given appropriate shapes. Extreme hard cuts should be made on the yield -age mulberry trees and the formation of gluttony should not be provided. Pruning and manners should be performed by taking into account the unique ways of growth of species. Hard pruning is not recommended as the mulberry trees are severely secreted. For this reason, pruning should be done in winter while planting. It does not require special pruning technique. In the pruning process, only intertwined and dried branches should be removed and the maximum light of the tree should be provided. In order to increase the fruit potential of mulberry trees for many years, elderly trees can be rejuvenated by going hard pruning in elderly branches. Harvest time In June, the mulberry fruit, which lived the 15-20 -day fruit process in June in June, continues to decrease until the end of August in the East. White and red mulberry fruits ripen earlier in the summer months compared to black mulberry fruits.